Bloodborne Pathogens in the Workplace

If you work in the medical field, it’s almost guaranteed that you have heard of bloodborne pathogens (BBPs). BBPs are infectious microorganisms present in blood and (sometimes) other bodily fluids that can cause diseases in humans.

The most common and concerning BBPs include Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). These pathogens can be transmitted when infected blood or other bodily fluids enter the body via needlesticks, cuts, or mucous membrane contact.

While BBPs are commonly associated with the healthcare industry, exposure risks exist in many non-medical professions as well. Emergency responders, custodial staff, sanitation workers, tattoo artists, correctional officers, and even some maintenance or childcare personnel may face potential BBP exposure during their daily tasks. Additionally, businesses that have employees who are CPR and First Aid certified may be exposed to BBPs as well. Any employee responsible for cleaning up blood spills, handling sharps, or managing contaminated laundry should be aware of the risks.

Training Requirements

To protect workers, OSHA’s Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (29 CFR 1910.1030) requires employers to provide training to all employees who may be reasonably expected to encounter blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM) as part of their job duties. This training must be provided at the time of their initial assignment and at least annually thereafter.

The training should cover:

• What BBPs are and how they’re transmitted
• Methods for preventing exposure (PPE, washing hands, etc.)
• How to recognize tasks that might involve exposure
• What to do in case of an exposure incident
• Information about the Hepatitis B vaccine and post-exposure follow-up

Employers must also maintain a written Exposure Control Plan (ECP) outlining procedures for identifying and reducing risks.

Hepatitis B Vaccination

One of the most effective ways that employees can protect themselves is by receiving the Hepatitis B vaccination. Under OSHA’s standard, the vaccine must be offered free of charge to all employees who have occupational exposure.

The vaccine is typically administered in a three-dose series, and employees have the right to accept or decline it in writing. Even if the employee declines the vaccine, they can later change their mind and decide to get it at another time (still at no cost).

Offering this vaccine not only protects the individual worker but also reduces the overall workplace risk of HBV transmission.

*Note: Usually, people receive the vaccine as an infant, but the protective antibodies produced by the vaccine can lose their effectiveness over time. Some employees may opt to get tested to see if they still have the antibodies before making the decision to get the vaccine again as an adult. Consult a licensed health care professional for more information.

How Can Walden Help?

In summary, the risk of bloodborne pathogen exposure extends beyond the medical field. Employers can significantly reduce the threat of BBP transmission in the workplace by understanding the risks, providing training, and offering protective measures to their employees.

For assistance with OSHA compliance, employee training, or other health and safety needs, contact Walden’s EHS specialists at 860-846-4069.